See, when I was younger and life threw me lemons, I just made lemonade because I figured that’s what I was supposed to do. Not anymore. Now when those lemons come my way, I’ll be doing shots of tequila instead.
The growth of property and the desire for its transmission to children was, in reality, the moving power which brought in monogamy to insure legitimate heirs, and to limit their number to the actual progeny of the married pair. [ Ancient Society, or, Researches in the Lines of Human Progress from Savagery, Through Barbarism to Civilization , Palo Alto, California: New York Labor News, 1978 (Reprint of 1877 edition), p. 477.]
The great failure of the critic of culture, even when his intentions are benign, lies in his inability to recognize that the perfect world of peace, justice, equality, and environmental harmony of which he dreams — a utopia run by enlightened, sensitive, progressive (and preferably multi-degree) philosopher-kings — is a tyranny pure and simple. Philosopher-kings soon must discover a need for bureaucrats and policemen to administer and enforce their notion of the public good. They must also discover, to their chagrin, that the bureaucrats and policemen quickly will become the real power in such a society. This is precisely what happened to communism in its evolution from an intellectual, Marxist, social philosophy to a brutally anti-intellectual, Leninist, political system. [“Critics of Culture” (commentary), Fidelity Magazine, March 1995, p. 14.]
You don't cry when someone pushes you down. You get up. You get up and you fight back. And pretty soon nobody's going to shove you anymore because they'll see it's not worth it.
It was like she knew a secret, a good one, and if you got close enough, maybe she'll tell you, too.
God's fairest, highest place of service in the land that lies beyond will be filled by the men and women who have been broken upon the wheel on earth.--_G. Campbell Morgan._
The time will come when human intelligence will rise to the mastery of property. [ Ancient Society .]
A critical knowledge of the evolution of the idea of property would embody, in some respects, the most remarkable portion of the mental history of mankind. [ Ancient Society . Palo Alto, California: New York Labor News, 1978, p. 6. (Reprint of 1877 edition).]
There is something infinitely better than doing a great thing for God, and the infinitely better thing is to be where God wants us to be, to do what God wants us to do, and to have no will apart from His.--_G. Campbell Morgan._
Dogs have given us their absolute all. We are the center of their universe. We are the focus of their love and faith and trust. They serve us in return for scraps. It is without a doubt the best deal man has ever made." (Roger Caras)
Centralize property in the hands of a few and the millions are under bondage to property — a bondage as absolute and deplorable as if their limbs were covered with manacles. Abstract all property from the hands of labor and you thereby reduce labor to dependence; and that dependence becomes as complete a servitude as the master could fix upon his slave. [Lecture, Diffusion Against Centralization ,1852.]
The dissolution of society bids fair to become the termination of a career of which property is the end and aim, because such a career contains the elements of self-destruction. Democracy in government, brotherhood in society, equality in rights and privileges, and universal education, foreshadow the next higher plane of society to which experience, intelligence and knowledge are steadily tending. [ Ancient Society .]
One morning, as he sat at his desk, he heard the sound of a horse's hooves on the path outside his house. He stepped out on to the verandah. There, on a tall grey horse, sat Morgane. 'I've come to have my picture painted,' she said. She took off her hat and her long black hair cascaded below her shoulders. 'You said you would,' she added, before dismounting. She wore a pair of moleskin jodhpurs and a white shirt, open at the neck. Her skin was radiant from the African sun.
I trust the first lion he meets will do his duty. -- J. P. Morgan on Teddy Roosevelt's safari
A girl and a boy bump into each other -- surely an accident. A girl and a boy bump and her handkerchief drops -- surely another accident. But when a girl gives a boy a dead squid -- *____that ___had __to ____mean _________something*. -- S. Morganstern, "The Silent Gondoliers"
I owe the public nothing. -- J. P. Morgan</p>
For an instant, the tranced boat's crew stood still; then turned. "The ship? Great God, where is the ship?" Soon they through dim, bewildering mediums saw her sidelong fading phantom, as in the gaseous Fata Morgana; only the uppermost masts out of water; while fixed by infatuation, or fidelity, or fate, to their once lofty perches, the pagan harpooneers still maintained their sinking lookouts on the sea. And now, concentric circles seized the lone boat itself, and all its crew, and each floating oar, and every lance-pole, and spinning, animate and inanimate, all round and round in one vortex, carried the smallest chip of the Pequod out of sight.
HARLEQUIN, in modern pantomime, the posturing and acrobatic character who gives his name to the "harlequinade," attired in mask and parti-coloured and spangled tights, and provided with a sword like a bat, by which, himself invisible, he works wonders. It has generally been assumed that Harlequin was transferred to France from the "Arlecchino" of Italian medieval and Renaissance popular comedy; but Dr Driesen in his _Ursprung des Harlekins_ (Berlin, 1904) shows that this is incorrect. An old French "Harlekin" (Herlekin, Hellequin and other variants) is found in folk-literature as early as 1100; he had already become proverbial as a ragamuffin of a demoniacal appearance and character; in 1262 a number of harlekins appear in a play by Adam de la Halle as the intermediaries of King Hellekin, prince of Fairyland, in courting Morgan le Fay; and it was not till much later that the French Harlekin was transformed into the Italian Arlecchino. In his typical French form down to the time of Gottsched, he was a spirit of the air, deriving thence his invisibility and his characteristically light and aery whirlings. Subsequently he returned from the Italian to the French stage, being imported by Marivaux into light comedy; and his various attributes gradually became amalgamated into the latter form taken in pantomime. Entry: HARLEQUIN
_Versification, &c_,--Dafydd Morganwg, _Yr Ysgol Farddol_ (Cardiff[3], 1887); Iolo Morganwg, _Cyfrinach Beirdd Ynys Prydain_ (Merthyr, 1829;[2] Carnarvon, 1874); _Simwnt Vychan and Dafydd Ddu Athraw, Dosparth Edeyrn Davod Aur_, ed. by J. Williams ab Ithel (Llandovery, 1856); J. Morris Jones, "Welsh Versification," _Zeitschr.f. celt. Phil._ iv. pp. 106-142. Entry: AUTHORITIES
The principal collections of legal maxims are: _English Law_: Bacon, _Collection of Some Principal Rules and Maxims of the Common Law_ (1630); Noy, _Treatise of the principal Grounds and Maxims of the Law of England_ (1641, 8th ed., 1824); Wingate, _Maxims of Reason_ (1728); Francis, _Grounds and Rudiments of Law and Equity_ (2nd ed. 1751); Lofft (annexed to his Reports, 1776); Broom, _Legal Maxims_ (7th ed. London, 1900). _Scots Law_: Lord Trayner, _Latin Maxims and Phrases_ (2nd ed., 1876); Stair, _Institutions of the Law of Scotland_, with Index by More (Edinburgh, 1832). _American Treatises_: A. I. Morgan, _English Version of Legal Maxims_ (Cincinnati, 1878); S. S. Peloubet, _Legal Maxims in Law and Equity_ (New York, 1880). (A. W. R.) Entry: A
His son, WILLIAM FREND DE MORGAN (b. 1839), first became known in artistic circles as a potter, the "De Morgan" tiles being remarkable for his rediscovery of the secret of some beautiful colours and glazes. But later in life he became even better known to the literary world by his novels, _Joseph Vance_ (1906), _Alice for Short_ (1907), _Somehow Good_ (1908) and _It Never Can Happen Again_ (1909), in which the influence of Dickens and of his own earlier family life were conspicuous. Entry: A
LELAND, JOHN (1691-1766), English Nonconformist divine, was born at Wigan, Lancashire, and educated in Dublin, where he made such progress that in 1716, without having attended any college or hall, he was appointed first assistant and afterwards sole pastor of a congregation of Presbyterians in New Row. This office he continued to fill until his death on the 16th of January 1766. He received the degree of D.D. from Aberdeen in 1739. His first publication was _A Defence of Christianity_ (1733), in reply to Matthew Tindal's _Christianity as old as the Creation_; it was succeeded by his _Divine Authority of the Old and New Testaments asserted_ (1738), in answer to _The Moral Philosopher_ of Thomas Morgan; in 1741 he published two volumes, in the form of two letters, being _Remarks on_ [H. Dodwell's] _Christianity not founded on Argument_; and in 1753 _Reflexions on the late Lord Bolingbroke's Letters on the Study and Use of History_. His _View of the Principal Deistical Writers that have appeared in England_ was published in 1754-1756. This is the chief work of Leland--"most worthy, painstaking and commonplace of divines," as Sir Leslie Stephen called him--and in spite of many defects and inconsistencies is indispensable to every student of the deistic movement of the 18th century. Entry: LELAND
Of neolithic remains, arrowheads and other implements are found in some numbers in the deserts. In the Fayum region, about the borders of the ancient Lake of Moeris and beyond, they are particularly abundant and interesting in their forms. But their age is uncertain; some may be contemporary with the advanced culture of the XIIth Dynasty in the Nile valley. Definite history on the other hand has been gained from the wonderful series of "prehistoric" cemeteries excavated by J. de Morgan, Petrie, Reisner and others on the desert edgings of the cultivated alluvium. The succession of archaeological types revealed in them has been tabulated by Petrie in his _Diospolis Parva_; and the detailed publication of Reisner's unusually careful researches is bringing much new light on the questions involved, amongst other things showing the exact point at which the "prehistoric" series merges into the Ist Dynasty, for, as might be surmised, in many cases the prehistoric cemeteries continued in use under the earliest dynasties. The finest pottery, often painted but all hand-made without the wheel, belongs to the prehistoric period; so also do the finest flint implements, which, in the delicacy and exactitude of their form and flaking, surpass all that is known from other countries. Metal seems to be entirely absent from the earliest type of graves, but immediately thereafter copper begins to appear (bronze is hardly to be found before the XIIth Dynasty). The paintings on the vases show boats driven by oars and sails rudely figured, and the boats bear emblematic standards or ensigns. The cemeteries are found throughout Upper and Middle Egypt, but as yet have not been met with in the Delta or on its borders. This might be accounted for by the inhabitants of Lower Egypt having practised a different mode of disposing of the dead, or by their cemeteries being differently placed. Entry: 1
De Morgan left no published indications of his opinions on religious questions, in regard to which he was extremely reticent. He seldom or never entered a place of worship, and declared that he could not listen to a sermon, a circumstance perhaps due to the extremely strict religious discipline under which he was brought up. Nevertheless there is reason to believe that he was of a deeply religious disposition. Like M. Faraday and Sir I. Newton he entertained a confident belief in Providence, founded not on any tenuous inference, but on personal feeling. His hope of a future life also was vivid to the last. Entry: A
_Education_.--Baltimore ranks high as an educational centre. Johns Hopkins University (_q.v._) is a leading institution of the United States for graduate study. The Peabody Institute, founded in 1859 by George Peabody, who was for some years a resident of Baltimore, is an important factor in the promotion of science, literature and the fine arts. Goucher College (Methodist, 1888) for women, is one of the best institutions of the kind in southern United States. The older of the two state normal schools, opened in 1867, is located here. Morgan College (Methodist), opened in 1876, offers the advantages of a college education to the coloured young people. Loyola College, founded in 1852, and various other institutions are for the training of the Catholics. Entry: BALTIMORE
Cosway had one child who died young. She is the subject of one of his most celebrated engravings. He painted miniatures of very many members of the royal family, and of the leading persons who formed the court of the prince regent. Perhaps his most beautiful work is his miniature of Madame du Barry, painted in 1791, when that lady was residing in Bruton Street, Berkeley Square. This portrait, together with many other splendid works by Cosway, came into the collection of Mr J. Pierpont Morgan. There are many miniatures by this artist in the royal collection at Windsor Castle, at Belvoir Castle and in other important collections. His work is of great charm and of remarkable purity, and he is certainly the most brilliant miniature painter of the 18th century. Entry: COSWAY
Charcoal is used as the precipitant at Mount Morgan, Australia. Its use was proposed as early as 1818 and 1819 by Hare and Henry; Percy advocated it in 1869, and Davis adopted it on the large scale at a works in Carolina in 1880. The action is not properly understood; it may be due to the reducing gases (hydrogen, hydrocarbons, &c.) which are invariably present in wood charcoal. The process consists essentially in running the solution over layers of charcoal, the charcoal being afterwards burned. It has been found that the reaction proceeds faster when the solution is heated. Entry: 3
CRAIGIE, PEARL MARY TERESA (1867-1906), Anglo-American novelist and dramatist, who wrote under the pen-name of "JOHN OLIVER HOBBES," was born at Boston, U.S.A., on the 3rd of November 1867. She was the elder daughter of John Morgan Richards, and was educated in London and Paris. When she was nineteen she married Reginald Walpole Craigie, by whom she had one son, John Churchill Craigie: but the marriage proved an unhappy one, and was dissolved on her petition in July 1895. She was brought up as a Nonconformist, but in 1892 was received into the Roman Catholic Church, of which she remained a devout and serious member. Her first little book, the brilliant and epigrammatic _Some Emotions and a Moral_, was published in 1891 in Mr Fisher Unwin's "Pseudonym Library," and was followed by _The Sinner's Comedy_ (1892), _A Study in Temptations_ (1893), _A Bundle of Life_ (1894), _The Gods, Some Mortals, and Lord Wickenham_. _The Herb Moon_ (1896), a country love story, was followed by _The School for Saints_ (1897), with a sequel, _Robert Orange_ (1900). Mrs Craigie had already written a one-act "proverb," _Journeys end in Lovers Meeting_, produced by Ellen Terry in 1894, and a three-act tragedy, "Osbern and Ursyne," printed in the _Anglo-Saxon Review_ (1899), when her successful piece, _The Ambassador_, was produced at the St James's Theatre in 1898. _A Repentance_ (one act, 1899) and _The Wisdom of the Wise_ (1900) were produced at the same theatre, and _The Flute of Pan_ (1904) first at Manchester and then at the Shaftesbury theatre; she was also part author of _The Bishop's Move_ (Garrick Theatre, 1902). Later books are _The Serious Wooing_ (1901), _Love and the Soul Hunters_ (1902), _Tales about Temperament_ (1902), _The Vineyard_ (1904). Mrs Craigie died suddenly of heart failure in London on the 13th of August 1906. Entry: CRAIGIE
_Collected Works, Editions and Reprints_,--J. Gwenogvryn Evans and John Rhys, _Y Llyvyr Coch o Hergest_ (2 vols. Oxford, 1887-1890), _Pedeir Kainc y Mabinogi_ (Oxford, 1897); J. Gwenogvryn Evans, _The Black Book of Carmarthen_ (Oxford, 1907; also in facsimile, Oxford, 1888), _Llyvyr Job trans. by Dr Morgan, 1558_ (reprinted 1888), _Oll Synwyr pen_ [Salesbury] (Bangor, 1902); J. Morris Jones and John Rhys, _Llyvyr Agkyr Llandewivrevi_ (Oxford, 1894); Aneurin Owen, _Ancient Laws and Institutes of Wales_ (2 vols., London, 1841), _Brut y Tywysogion_ (London, 1863); J. Williams ab Ithel, _Gododin with Notes and Translation_ (Llandovery, 1852); T. Stephens, _Gododin with Notes and Translation_, ed. by T. Powel (London, 1888); R. Williams, _Selections from the Hengwrt MSS._ (2 vols., London, 1876-1892); T. Powel, _Ystorya de Carolo Magno_ (London, 1883); _Psalmau Dafydd trans. by W. Morgan_ (facsimile, 1896); Owen Jones (Myfyr) and W. Owen (Pughe), _Barddoniaeth Dafydd ab Gwilym_ (London, 1789); Walter Davies and J. Jones, _Poetical Works of Lewis Glyn Cothi_ (1837); Prince Louis Bonaparte, _Athrawaeth Gristnogavl by Morys Clynoc_ (facsimile London, 1880); Walter Davies, _Caniadau Huw Morus_ (2 vols., 1823); _Psalmau Dafydd gan W. Middleton_ (Llanfair, 1827); J. Morris Jones, _Gweledugaethai y Bardd cwsg gan Elis Wynne_ (Bangor, 1898); R. Jones, _The Poetical Works of Goronwy Owen_ (2 vols. London, 1876); W.J. Gruffydd, _Cywyddau Goronwy Owen_ (Newport, 1906); T.E. Ellis, _Gweithiau Morgan Llwyd_ (Bangor, 1899); J.H. Davies, _Yn y Llyvyr hwn_ (Bangor, 1902); S.J. Evans, _Drych y Prif Oesoedd gan Th. Evans_ (Bangor, 1902); W.P. Williams, _Deffyniad Ffydd Eglwys Loegr gan Morys Kyffin_ (Bangor, 1908); N. Cynhafal Jones, _Gweithiau W. Williams Pantycelyn_ (2 vols., 1887-1891); O.M. Edwards, _Gweithiau Islwyn_ (1897). (W. J. G.) Entry: AUTHORITIES
It is chiefly during the first period that those leaders flourished whose names and doings have been associated with all that was really influential in the exploits of the buccaneers--the most prominent being Mansfield and Morgan. The floating commerce of Spain had by the middle of the 17th century become utterly insignificant. But Spanish settlements remained; and in 1654 the first great expedition on land made by the buccaneers, though attended by considerable difficulties, was completed by the capture and sack of New Segovia, on the mainland of America. The Gulf of Venezuela, with its towns of Maracaibo and Gibraltar, were attacked and plundered under the command of a Frenchman named L'Ollonois, who performed, it is said, the office of executioner upon the whole crew of a Spanish vessel manned with ninety seamen. Such successes removed the buccaneers further and further from the pale of civilized society, fed their revenge, and inspired them with an avarice almost equal to that of the original settlers from Spain. Mansfield indeed, in 1664, conceived the idea of a permanent settlement upon a small island of the Bahamas, named New Providence, and Henry Morgan, a Welshman, intrepid and unscrupulous, joined him. But the untimely death of Mansfield nipped in the bud the only rational scheme of settlement which seems at any time to have animated this wild community; and Morgan, now elected commander, swept the whole Caribbean, and from his headquarters in Jamaica led triumphant expeditions to Cuba and the mainland. He was leader of the expedition wherein Porto Bello, one of the best-fortified ports in the West Indies, was surprised and plundered. Entry: BUCCANEERS
EVANSVILLE, a city and the county-seat of Vanderburg county, Indiana, U.S.A., and a port of entry, on the N. bank of the Ohio river, 200 m. below Louisville, Kentucky--measuring by the windings of the river, which double the direct distance. Pop. (1890) 50,756; (1900) 59,007; (1910 census) 69,647. Of the total population in 1900, 5518 were negroes, 5626 were foreign-born (including 4380 from Germany and 384 from England), and 17,419 were of foreign parentage (both parents foreign-born), and of these 13,910 were of German parentage. Evansville is served by the Evansville & Terre Haute, the Evansville & Indianapolis, the Illinois Central, the Louisville & Nashville, the Louisville, Henderson & St Louis, and the Southern railways, by several interurban electric lines, and by river steamboats. The city is situated on a plateau above the river, and has a number of fine business and public buildings, including the court house and city hall, the Southern Indiana hospital for the insane, the United States marine hospital, and the Willard library and art gallery, containing in 1908 about 30,000 volumes. The city's numerous railway connexions and its situation in a coal-producing region (there are five mines within the city limits) and on the Ohio river, which is navigable nearly all the year, combine to make it the principal commercial and manufacturing centre of Southern Indiana. It is in a tobacco-growing region, is one of the largest hardwood lumber markets in the country, and has an important shipping trade in pork, agricultural products, dried fruits, lime and limestone, flour and tobacco. Among its manufactures in 1905 were flour and grist mill products (value, $2,638,914), furniture ($1,655,246), lumber and timber products ($1,229,533), railway cars ($1,118,376), packed meats ($998,428), woollen and cotton goods, cigars and cigarettes, malt liquors, carriages and wagons, leather and canned goods. The value of the factory products increased from $12,167,524 in 1900 to $19,201,716 in 1905, or 57.8%, and in the latter year Evansville ranked third among the manufacturing cities in the state. The waterworks are owned and operated by the city. First settled about 1812, Evansville was laid out in 1817, and was named in honour of Robert Morgan Evans (1783-1844), one of its founders, who was an officer under General W.H. Harrison in the war of 1812. It soon became a thriving commercial town with an extensive river trade, was incorporated in 1819, and received a city charter in 1847. The completion of the Wabash & Erie Canal, in 1853, from Evansville to Toledo, Ohio, a distance of 400 m., greatly accelerated the city's growth. Entry: EVANSVILLE
The Vatican galleries, though best known for their statuary, have fine examples of painting, chiefly of the Italian school; the most famous easel picture is Raphael's "Transfiguration," but the Stanze, apartments entirely decorated by painting, are even more famous. In England three royal palaces are open to the public--Hampton Court (Mantegna), Windsor (Van Dyck, Zuccarelli), and Kensington (portraits). At Buckingham Palace the Dutch pictures are admirable, and Queen Victoria lent the celebrated Raphael cartoons to the Victoria and Albert Museum. Semi-private collections belong to Dulwich College (Velasquez and Watteau), Oxford University (Italian drawings), the Soane Museum (Hogarth and English school), and the Royal Academy (Leonardo). Among private collections the most important are the Harrach, and Prince Liechtenstein (Vienna), J. Pierpont Morgan (including miniatures), Mrs J. Gardner of Boston (Italian), Prince Corsini (Florence). In Great Britain there are immense riches in private houses, though many collections have been dispersed. The most noteworthy (1909) belong to the dukes of Devonshire and Westminster, Lord Ellesmere, Captain Holford (including the masterpiece of Cuyp), Ludwig Mond, Lord Lansdowne, Miss Rothschild. The finest private collection is at Panshanger, formerly the seat of Lord Cowper, the gallery of Van Dyck's work being quite the best in the world. Entry: ART
The Priestman grab has perhaps been more extensively used than any other apparatus of this sort. It is very useful for excavating mud, gravel and soft sand, but is less effective with hard sand or stiff clay--a general defect in this class of dredger. It is also capable of lifting large loose pieces of rock weighing from 1 to 2 tons. A dredger of this type, with grab holding 1 ton of mud, dredged during six days, in 19 ft. of water, an average of 52½ tons and a maximum of 68½ tons per hour, and during 12 days, in 16 ft. of water, an average of 48 tons and a maximum of 58 tons per hour, at a cost of 1.63d. per ton, excluding interest on the capital and depreciation. The largest dredger to which this apparatus has been applied is the grab bucket hopper dredger "Miles K. Burton" (Plate I. fig. 9), belonging to the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board. It is equipped with 5 grabs on Morgan's patent system, which is a modification of Priestman's, the grabs being worked by 5 hydraulic cranes. It raised and deposited, 12 to 15 m. at sea, 11 loads of about 1450 tons each with a double shift of hands, at a cost of about 1s. 5d. per cub. yd. of spoil, including the working expenses for wages of crew, fuel and stores. Mr R. A. Marillier of Hull has stated that "the efficiency of these grabs is not at all dependent upon the force of the blow in falling for the penetration and grip in the material, as they do their work very satisfactorily even when lowered quite gently on to the material to be cut out, the jaws being so framed as to draw down and penetrate the material as soon as the upward strain is put on the lifting chain. Even in hard material the jaws penetrate so thoroughly as to cause the bucket to be well filled. The grab is found to work successfully in excavating hard clay from its natural bed on dry land." It is claimed on behalf of grabs that they lift a smaller proportion of water than any other class of dredger. Entry: A